How can the brain, an incredibly complex organ, both capable of creating new ideas, memories and identities, get easily damaged by neurological disorders?

The battle of dementia, a common neurological disease, is a prevalent challenge, 1/11 patients over 65 in the UK. Unfortunately, my grandpa was one of those who had to fight this disease, whilst it progressively took away his capacity to remember his experiences and loved ones. Year by year, I have watched him deteriorate, which has made this pursuit very personal. As I embark on this quest, I aim to deepen my understanding of the underlying neuropathology.